Forge

Forging process

The forging process generally includes heating, forging forming, cooling, inspection, and heat treatment. Determination of heating forging temperature    

The initial forging temperature of high-temperature alloys, i.e. the forging heating temperature, must be lower than the initial melting temperature and the rapid growth temperature of austenite grains to prevent excessive grain coarsening, grain boundary thickening and straightening, intergranular strengthening and matching, and particle coarsening, grain boundary precipitation in strips or networks, otherwise it will directly affect the microstructure and properties of the forging after final forging.

On the other hand, the initial forging temperature must be high enough to dissolve the strengthening phase, in order to prevent the precipitation of the strengthening phase from causing brittleness and increasing deformation resistance. Generally, the initial forging temperature of high-temperature alloys is set at 30-40 ℃ higher than the solution treatment temperature. 

（1） Determination of final forging temperature

Like other forging process parameters, the final forging temperature has a significant impact on the microstructure, grain size, and mechanical properties of high-temperature alloy forgings. The final forging temperature of high-temperature alloys is mainly limited by the recrystallization temperature. As mentioned earlier, when the final forging temperature is lower than its recrystallization starting temperature, in addition to reducing the alloy's plasticity and increasing deformation resistance, it also causes uneven deformation and obtains uneven grain structure. The starting temperature of recrystallization of alloys is related to the amount of deformation, and the starting temperature of recrystallization of several commonly used high-temperature alloys is shown in Table 9. The final forging temperature of iron based high-temperature alloys generally varies within the range of 900~1000 ℃; The recrystallization temperature of nickel based high-temperature alloys is higher, and their final forging temperature usually ranges from 950 to 1050 ℃.

Forging forming

After heating the metal, it can be forged into shape. According to the different equipment, molds, and forming methods used during forging, forging can be divided into free forging, die segment forming, and tire forging forming.

Selection criteria for forging release agents

With the increasing precision requirements for forged demolding workpieces, graphite emulsion can no longer meet the requirements of forging manufacturers, and new demolding products have been used. Forging demolding agents have emerged and are widely used in the forging and casting industry. The following is a detailed introduction to the selection criteria for forging release agents. 

What are the selection criteria for forging release agents? How should the forging industry choose? Faced with numerous forging and demolding products in the market, the forging industry is at a loss when choosing, with a wide variety of products. The forging release agent separates the workpiece from the mold without residual residue or accumulation, does not affect the surface quality of the workpiece, is safe and environmentally friendly to use, has good spreading and wetting properties, and can effectively cover the entire mold. It has been sold throughout the country. 

When selecting forging release agents, it is important to first pay attention to using release products that have no impact on the environment. With the enhancement of humanization and environmental awareness, it is necessary to choose forging release agents instead of graphite emulsion to separate the mold from the workpiece in order to avoid any impact on the environment.

Secondly, it is also necessary to consider whether the demolding effect is significant. Can the friction and wear of forgings and molds be minimized to the greatest extent possible; Improve the quality of forgings and enhance surface smoothness; Has excellent thermal insulation and cooling effect on the mold; This is also the most concerned issue for manufacturers, which determines whether the quality of forgings meets the factory requirements. 

In addition, manufacturers also need to consider the price of forging release agents. Reasonable prices and significant release effects are the top concerns of manufacturers, which can save more economic costs for enterprises, especially large forging enterprises. Therefore, the price aspect is also one of the factors to consider when selecting forging release agents. 

There are many forging release products, and the use of forging release agents can be selected based on the above three aspects to improve the quality of forged workpieces.